Legal, Ethical and Economic Challenges of DNA Profiling in India

Abstract

DNA profiling refers to the process of creating a profile of a person generated by using their DNA. The use of DNA evidence in criminal investigations and court proceedings is governed by statutes and case law. To ensure ethical and legal use of the DNA database that does not infringe on people's rights, freedoms, and privacy, it is crucial to enact appropriate laws and supporting legal practices. This study considers legal issues including autonomy and privacy, self-incrimination, retention guidelines, and a variety of safeguards to protect data from tampering, loss, and unauthorized disclosure. Paper includes a cost-benefit analysis of the technology, considering the potential economic benefits such as crime reduction, healthcare improvements, and market growth in the sector versus the financial burden on the state and individuals. As DNA databases expand around the globe, there is a continuing need for policy debate and open discussions that address not only legal and ethical considerations but also the economic impacts to ensure a balanced approach to DNA profiling.