Monopoly of Migrant Labour and it's Implications – Evidence from Construction, Food and Education Sectors in the State of Andhra Pradesh

Abstract

Interstate migration from economically weaker states of India, such as Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Odisha, significantly contributes to the workforce in sectors like construction, food, and education across urban and semi-urban regions. This study investigates the socio-economic drivers, challenges, and impacts of this migration, focusing on the lived experiences of migrant laborers and the structural inequalities they face. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research collects data from approximately 400-500 migrant workers in key destinations through surveys, interviews, and focus group discussions. Findings reveal that migration is predominantly driven by limited local employment opportunities and wage disparities between sending and receiving states. However, migrants face precarious working conditions, wage exploitation, lack of social security, and disruption of family structures. The study also examines the role of public policies and urban planning in addressing migrant vulnerabilities and ensuring equitable access to resources. By highlighting the intersection of migration, labor markets, and social protection, the research provides actionable insights for policymakers, NGOs, and stakeholders to enhance the well-being of migrant workers and optimize their contributions to the economy. However, this study is aimed to understand the prevailed monopolistic conditions raised by the migrant labor in the concerned states. Furthermore the paper aims to determine the significant implications over the domicile workers in the sectors such as, construction, food and education.