The Relationship between Human Development and Economic Diversification: A Comparative Study of Selected Arab Countries (Tunisia, Algeria, Saudi Arabia, Egypt) from 1995 to 2020

Abstract

The topic of human development is one of the most important subjects that attracts the attention of researchers in economic, social, and political fields. International organizations, particularly the United Nations Development Programme, consider human development a fundamental right for people, similar to other rights. Human development focuses on providing both the material and moral needs of individuals. Sustainable economic growth is essential for achieving human development, and countries strive to achieve this growth through economic diversification, which has become the primary solution for transitioning away from a rentier economy. In this research, we aim to answer the question: What is the relationship between economic diversification and human development? We will also explore the concepts of economic diversification and human development, and determine the direction of influence between economic diversification and human development indicators. This will be done through a comparative study of a group of Arab countries (Tunisia, Algeria, Saudi Arabia, Egypt) during the period from 1995 to 2020.