An Overview of Religious Minorities In Iran after the Revolution Includes A Brief Review of Statistical Data and Illustrative Examples.

Abstract

This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the status and experiences of religious minorities in Iran following the 1979 Islamic Revolution, with a particular focus on the Yarsan community. The study explores the socio-political dynamics that have shaped the lives of these minorities, who, despite being officially recognized in the Iranian constitution, often find their rights and freedoms severely restricted in practice. Through a mixed-method approach that includes interviews with migrants from religious minority groups, consultations with experts, a thorough literature review, and an analysis of available statistical data, this research sheds light on the systemic challenges these communities face. The paper delves into the impact of government policies, societal attitudes, and the legal framework on the religious, cultural, and social integration of these minorities both within Iran and in the diaspora. Key findings suggest that while the constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran offers some degree of recognition to certain religious minorities, the gap between constitutional rights and their practical implementation is substantial, leading to widespread discrimination, social exclusion, and economic marginalization. This situation has driven many members of these communities to emigrate in search of greater freedom and security. The case of the Yarsan, in particular, illustrates the profound struggles of religious minorities in maintaining their cultural identity and practicing their faith amidst pressures to conform to the dominant religious norms. The paper argues for the urgent need for policy reforms that ensure the protection and promotion of minority rights, and for international advocacy to address the plight of these communities. Ultimately, this research contributes to the broader discourse on religious freedom, human rights, and the socio-political challenges facing religious minorities in the Middle East.