Spirituality and Religion in Management: Pathways, Motivations, and Economic Implications

Abstract

This research examines the integration of spirituality and religion into management, with a particular focus on their implications for organizational performance, labor productivity, and institutional trust. Academic research, corporate initiatives, and leadership models have been the primary pathways driving this transformation. The integration gained prominence in the late 20th century, aligning with a human-centered approach that enhances employee well-being while contributing to organizational efficiency. The Academy of Management (AOM), founded in 1936, has played a pivotal role in advancing these debates through its interdisciplinary scholarship and global influence. Methodologically, data from Science Direct and JSTOR provide a comprehensive view of the prevalence and trajectory of spirituality and religion within AOM divisions. The findings underscore the growing importance of spirituality and religion in shaping ethical, inclusive, and human-centered management practices. Beyond individual well-being, the analysis highlights their economic relevance in strengthening organizational outcomes, labor engagement, and sustainable institutional development.